Nephrology · Clinical Calculator · Critical Care

CRRT Dose Effluent Flow & Delivered Dose

In continuous renal replacement therapy, "dose" is the effluent flow rate normalized to body weight. This tool sums the dialysate, pre- and post-filter replacement fluid, and net ultrafiltration into a total effluent rate, then divides by weight to give the prescribed dose, adjusts for circuit downtime to give the delivered dose, and applies a pre-dilution correction — benchmarked against the KDIGO 20–25 mL/kg/hr target.

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Instructions
  1. Enter the patient's weight (kg) — this is the denominator for dose and is required.
  2. Enter the prescribed circuit flows in mL/hr: dialysate (Qd) for CVVHD/CVVHDF, pre-filter and/or post-filter replacement fluid for CVVH/CVVHDF, and the net ultrafiltration (patient fluid removal). Leave any unused mode blank or 0.
  3. The total effluent rate, prescribed dose (mL/kg/hr) and ±2 benchmark update automatically against the KDIGO target.
  4. Optionally enter the hours actually delivered in the last 24 h to convert the prescribed dose into a realistic delivered dose after filter clotting and downtime.
  5. Optionally enter the blood flow Qb (mL/min) with a pre-filter rate to apply the pre-dilution correction for the clearance lost to dilution of blood before the filter.

All computation runs in your browser; no values are stored or transmitted.

When to Use

Use this calculator whenever you prescribe, audit, or hand off a CRRT prescription in a critically ill patient with AKI. CRRT dose is defined as the effluent flow rate normalized to body weight (mL/kg/hr), so it must be recalculated whenever a flow setting or the patient's weight changes. It is equally useful at the bedside to confirm that what is actually being delivered — after circuit downtime, clotting, and procedures — still meets the intended target.

Appropriate population

Critically ill adults on continuous modalities — CVVH, CVVHD, or CVVHDF — for AKI or fluid/solute management. Use it when setting initial flows, when titrating the prescription, and during daily review to compare prescribed versus delivered dose and to decide whether to up-prescribe to offset anticipated downtime.

⚠️

When NOT to rely on it

Effluent-based dose is a clearance surrogate for small solutes; it does not capture middle-molecule clearance, drug removal, or filter efficiency as it ages. The pre-dilution correction here is a first-order approximation (dilution of blood-water before the filter) and does not replace device-specific clearance data. Sustained low-efficiency dialysis (SLED) and intermittent hemodialysis are dosed differently. Always integrate with the clinical picture, fluid balance goals, electrolytes, and your unit's protocol.

Pearls & Pitfalls
💡

Prescribe higher than the target you want delivered

The KDIGO target of 20–25 mL/kg/hr is the delivered dose, not the prescribed one. Because of filter clotting, clamping for imaging and procedures, alarms, and access problems, real-world delivery typically runs 10–20% below the prescription. Most units therefore prescribe ~25–30 mL/kg/hr so that, after downtime, the delivered dose still lands in the target band.

🔬

More is not better

The large RENAL (2009) and ATN (2008) trials found no survival or renal-recovery benefit from intensive dosing (~35–40 mL/kg/hr) versus standard dosing (~20–25). Higher intensity increases hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, drug and micronutrient clearance, and cost without improving outcomes. Aim for the target, not above it.

🚫

Pitfalls

(1) Pre-dilution lowers effective clearance — replacement fluid given before the filter dilutes the blood-water entering it, so the effective dose is less than the nominal effluent dose; favor post-dilution or up-prescribe when running heavy pre-dilution. (2) Don't forget to include net ultrafiltration in the effluent total — patient fluid removal contributes to convective clearance. (3) Re-weight matters: dosing to a markedly fluid-overloaded weight under-doses the patient; many units use pre-morbid or ideal weight. (4) A high prescribed dose on paper is meaningless if downtime is high — always reconcile with delivered hours.

Why Use It

Adequate CRRT dosing is one of the few CRRT variables with strong evidence behind it: under-dosing is associated with worse solute control, while routinely exceeding the target wastes resources, clears drugs and electrolytes faster, and confers no survival benefit. Quantifying the dose turns a set of pump rates into a clinically meaningful number that can be compared against a guideline target, audited at the bedside, and handed off precisely between shifts. Crucially, separating the prescribed from the delivered dose exposes the gap created by circuit downtime — the single most common reason patients fall below target — and prompts the practical response of prescribing higher to compensate. It is a foundational calculation in critical-care nephrology and the basis for every CRRT quality metric.

CRRT Dose — Effluent Flow & Delivered Dose

Enter the patient weight and the prescribed circuit flows (mL/hr). The total effluent rate and prescribed dose (mL/kg/hr) update automatically against the KDIGO target. Add delivered hours for a realistic delivered dose, and blood flow Qb with a pre-filter rate for the pre-dilution correction.

Required. Body weight used to normalize the dose.
Optional (default 0). For CVVHD / CVVHDF.
Optional. Pre-dilution replacement (lowers effective clearance).
Optional. Post-dilution replacement.
Optional. Patient fluid removal; counts toward effluent.
Optional (default 24). For delivered vs prescribed dose.
Optional. Only used (with a pre-filter rate) for pre-dilution correction.
Total Effluent
mL/hr
Prescribed Dose
mL/kg/hr
Delivered Dose
mL/kg/hr

⚕ KDIGO AKI Guideline (2012) recommends a delivered effluent dose of 20–25 mL/kg/hr for CRRT; prescribe ~25–30 to offset downtime. RENAL (2009) and ATN (2008) showed no benefit of higher intensity (~35–40) over standard dosing. Effluent dose is a small-solute clearance surrogate and the pre-dilution correction is an approximation. For licensed clinicians; not a substitute for individualized assessment or your unit protocol.

Next Steps

Use the delivered dose against the KDIGO target to titrate the prescription.

  • Delivered < 20 mL/kg/hr: under-dosing. Increase the prescription, address the cause of downtime (anticoagulation/filter life, access, procedures), and recheck delivered hours over the next 24 h.
  • Delivered 20–25 mL/kg/hr: on target. Continue and re-audit daily, and re-normalize to weight if the patient's weight changes substantially.
  • Delivered 25–35 mL/kg/hr: acceptable but watch — there is no outcome benefit above target, so monitor phosphate, potassium, and drug/antimicrobial dosing, and consider trimming flows.
  • If running heavy pre-dilution, account for the reduced effective clearance (shown when Qb is entered) — favor post-dilution or up-prescribe.
  • Pair with the dialysis prescription tool and the net ultrafiltration rate calculator for fluid-removal targets.
Evidence & References

Formula

QuantityFormula
Total effluent (mL/hr)Qd + pre-replacement + post-replacement + net UF
Prescribed dose (mL/kg/hr)Total effluent ÷ weight (kg)
Delivered dose (mL/kg/hr)Prescribed dose × (delivered hours ÷ 24)
Pre-dilution factorQb ÷ (Qb + pre-replacement converted to mL/min)
Effective dose (mL/kg/hr)Dose × pre-dilution factor

Interpretation (delivered dose)

Delivered effluent doseInterpretation
< 20 mL/kg/hrUnder-dosing — increase prescription / reduce downtime
20–25 mL/kg/hrOn target (KDIGO recommended delivered dose)
25–35 mL/kg/hrAcceptable but watch — no outcome benefit above target
> 35 mL/kg/hrExcess intensity — no benefit; greater electrolyte/drug clearance

KDIGO recommends a delivered dose of 20–25 mL/kg/hr; because delivery falls short of prescription owing to downtime and clotting, prescribe ~25–30 mL/kg/hr. The RENAL and ATN randomized trials established that higher-intensity CRRT (~35–40 mL/kg/hr) confers no mortality or renal-recovery benefit over standard dosing, while the earlier Ronco trial supported a minimum effective dose. Pre-dilution dilutes blood-water before the filter and lowers effective small-solute clearance.

References

  1. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) AKI Work Group. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury. Kidney Int Suppl. 2012;2(1):1–138.
  2. RENAL Replacement Therapy Study Investigators; Bellomo R, et al. Intensity of continuous renal-replacement therapy in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med. 2009;361(17):1627–1638.
  3. VA/NIH Acute Renal Failure Trial Network; Palevsky PM, et al. Intensity of renal support in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(1):7–20.
  4. Ronco C, et al. Effects of different doses in continuous veno-venous haemofiltration on outcomes of acute renal failure. Lancet. 2000;356(9223):26–30.
Important: This calculator is an educational aid for licensed clinicians and does not replace individualized assessment or your unit's CRRT protocol. Effluent-based dose is a surrogate for small-solute clearance; it does not capture middle-molecule clearance, drug or micronutrient removal, or filter performance as it ages, and the pre-dilution correction is a first-order approximation. Always integrate the result with the clinical picture, fluid-balance goals, electrolytes, anticoagulation and filter life, and current institutional protocols before making management decisions.
References 4 sources
  1. KDIGO AKI Work Group. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Kidney Injury. Kidney Int Suppl. 2012;2(1):1–138.
  2. RENAL Replacement Therapy Study Investigators; Bellomo R, et al. N Engl J Med. 2009;361(17):1627–1638.
  3. VA/NIH Acute Renal Failure Trial Network; Palevsky PM, et al. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(1):7–20.
  4. Ronco C, et al. Lancet. 2000;356(9223):26–30.
Dr. W Rivero, MD

W Rivero, MD, FPCP, DPSN

Specialist in Internal Medicine, Nephrology, and Clinical Nutrition. Practicing integrative and evidence-based nephrology across Quezon City, Pampanga, and Bulacan.

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